Quick Fix: IRA Contribution Limits for 2018

Hello, fellow investors. Every new year, I get many questions about IRA contribution limits and what changes have taken effect. This year, there have been many more questions than usual about this subject, as well as the new tax laws.  Don't worry, there's an article in the works about how these new tax laws will impact real estate investors soon. While it would be impossible to answer all of the questions I've received in this space, I will be giving an update on the IRA Contribution Limits for 2018.

Today, we're just going to talk about a "quick fix" for your IRA and retirement concerns. We'll also show you one big way to get around the 2018 limits and make the most of your retirement savings.  Even better, you can learn all of this information in less than ten minutes.

2018 IRA Contribution Limits

Let's start with the good news:  IRA contribution limits remain the same in 2018 as they did in 2017 (and even as far back as 2016). Here's the quick and dirty update:

 
But maybe you want to contribute more. If you're ready to take your retirement account to the next level, here is our Quick Fix solution:  take advantage of a self-directed IRA LLC.

Why Is a Self-Directed IRA LLC Good For Me?

 
Self-Directed IRA LLCs  are a mouthful to talk about, so it's possible you haven't even heard of this tool at all. But they will offer you the ability to make tax-free investments without custodian consent. Since you don't need to get permission from a custodian (you are, after all, an adult--or possibly an extremely bright teenager planning retirement early), you can make the investments you want, and you can make them faster than you would if you were stuck in Traditional IRA Land. Self-directed IRA LLCs are special purpose liability companies. Yours will be fully owned and managed by you. You can lord over it and feel like a God on the weekends. The LLC can become a pass-through for tax purposes, which allows you, the owner, to assume the tax burden instead of the LLC. This gives you tax options.

In most cases, income and gains flow back into the IRA tax-free. You are also able to keep and funds in an LLC bank account without having to go through a custodian. These accounts operate similarly to personal checking accounts, but the company is separate from you as an individual. You have control over, and access to your money, which means greater investment flexibility.

You can invest in anything from your IRA LLC. And when I say anything, I mean literally anything: real estate, gold, Bitcoin, and so much more is all fair game. Your only limit is your imagination. No matter where you put your money, your income and gains flow back into your fund tax-free. You can stick it to Uncle Sam--who among us hasn't wanted to? And even better, you can maximize your contributions and plan the retirement you've fantasized about for during your working life.


Quick and Dirty Recap of Self-Directed IRA LLC Benefits

 
So, to briefly review for the scanners in the audience, when you get a Self-Directed IRA LLC:


Pretty cool, right?

That's it for today. If you have any questions about Self-Directed IRA LLCs, want to sing their praises, or want to pick an argument with me because you think I'm totally off-base, you can do so in the comments below. Let's spread the Self-Directed IRA LLC Gospel  and work towards a happy, healthy, and comfortable retirement plan together.


 

The Self-Directed IRA Pitfalls When Considering Real Estate Investments

The self-directed IRA is a widely popular option for real estate investing. Investors can enjoy high yields, while hedging themselves against stock market uncertainties. However, there are some pitfalls to avoid. Knowing these common pitfalls can help make managing your investments easier and more cost-efficient.

Common Pitfalls

Pitfall One: Prohibited Transactions

“Self-dealings” are defined by the IRS as any transaction that involves the self-directed IRA and a disqualified person. A disqualified person includes the IRA holder, but also anyone with significant authority over the account. This includes plan custodians. Family members are also disqualified. A good rule of thumb for defining “family” is to ask yourself if they are lineal descendants, spouses or forebears.

Family members include: Spouses, parents, grandparents, children and their spouses, and grandchildren.
Even if a prohibited transaction isn’t intentional, it can lead to tax penalties or even worst early distribution of your account. Here’s an example of a seemingly harmless transaction that is prohibited:

Sarah owns a real estate investments. She notices that the yard could use some work. Her son- in-law does some landscaping work, so she figures why not pay him to do repairs? Since Sarah’s son-in-law is a “disqualified person,” this transaction would be considered prohibited. In fact, if Sarah herself was a landscaper she would also be prohibited from doing the landscaping work herself. This is considered “sweat equity.” In both these cases, a disqualified person is benefiting from conducting the landscaping work on the IRA owned asset.

Pitfall Two: Unrealistic Expectations

The self-directed IRA owner usually has enough common sense to avoid any claims of “guaranteed returns” or “risk-free investments.” However, I’ve seen a few smart investors fall prey to unreal expectations, especially when it comes to the administrative work and costs required to maintain their investments. The IRA owner must review and sign off on transaction related documents. She must keep up with fees associated with these transactions and fulfill IRS required reporting requirements. While we can’t get rid of most of these requirements, we can make it easier. Our online platform gives investors “checkbook control” and allows transactions anywhere with an internet connection.

Pitfall 3: The Wrong Structure

Investors can reduce fees and gain more control over their IRA account by choosing the right self-directed IRA structure. Investors who who use a custodian managed account, sometimes deal with costly custodial fees and delays. Using an LLC self-directed IRA can reduce custodian involvement, however it can result in additional fees during tax time. We offer a self-directed IRA connected to an FDIC insured asset trust. The trust reduces tax fees while also giving investors “checkbook control” over their account.

Avoid Costly Mistakes

Using the wrong structure, having unreal expectations and participating in prohibited transactions are all common pitfalls self-directed IRA real estate investors face. We’ve helped several clients avoid these pitfalls, while enjoying the benefits of tax-deferred real estate gains. We’d love to help you do the same. Contact us today to address your personal concerns.

The Business Trust Owned Self-Directed IRA

A business trust is an IRS-approved entity for handling IRA investment funds. With a business trust, the investor becomes the trustee and gains management rights over investment funds. We’ve seen investors gain checkbook control over their self-directed IRA using this method. Besides more control, investors can enjoy reduced cost and investor confidentiality. Let’s discuss these benefits and how we can help you get started with a business trust for a self-directed IRA today.

Investing Efficiency and Control

Using a business trust for a self-directed IRA allows for more efficient investing. We’ve seen investors wait up to three days for their investments to go through the typical custodial review process. The advantage of a business trust is that the IRA owner become trustee. As trustee, they gain management control over investment decisions, rather than giving up this control to a custodian. Once a business trust is established, the trustee can open a checking account for IRA funds to be held. Investing then becomes as easy as writing a check. With this ease, investors no longer have to worry about delays on investment opportunities or recurring fees.  Our technology uses a similar trust structure to cut out custodial involvement and the need for in-person or mail transactions.

Save Hundreds on Taxes

Business trust are exempt from state franchise taxes, which are taxes imposed on corporations, partnerships and LLCs for doing business within a state. These taxes are usually charged annually. In California, the minimum franchise tax is $800. However, a 2016 Chief Counsel Ruling decided that business trusts are not considered corporations and thus exempt (1). In contrast, self-directed IRA LLCs don’t enjoy this exemption.

Save on Redundant Fees

The self-directed IRA for real estate investing is popular for several reasons. However, choosing an LLC as the holding entity for a self-directed IRA can incur costly fees. This is especially true for out of state real estate investments. Investors must register and pay a fee to conduct business in a new state. They may have to hire an additional agent to comply with state by state licensing requirements. Like the franchise tax, these IRA management fees can be avoided by using a business trust for the self-directed IRA.

Avoid Filing Taxes

A business trust can avoid filing both federal and state income taxes by qualifying as a “disregarded entity.” According to Professor Carter G. Bishop: “Under a default rule, all business trusts are considered either disregarded entities (one beneficiary) or partnerships (two or more beneficiaries) (2).” When using a business trust for a self-directed IRA, the IRA becomes the sole beneficiary and thus qualifies the trust as a “disregarded entity.” In contrast, using an LLC that qualifies as a “disregarded entity” isn’t guaranteed both federal and state tax filing exemptions. In California, LLCs are required to file state taxes regardless of entity status. Using a business trust owned self-directed IRA can save on these costly and time consuming tax filing requirements.

Maintain Confidentiality

A business trust self-directed IRA allows investors more confidentiality. Unlike an LLC, where the agent’s name must be kept in public record, a business trust keeps the trustee name confidential. Some states also require the LLC agent’s address be included in its Articles of Organization. Unfortunately, in Nebraska, Arizona and New York LLCs are still required to give public notice in local publications. With a business trust, IRA owners can enjoy anonymity. Investors can establish their business trust and enjoy self-directed privated investing all in one online platform. No leaving home or filing public documents required.  

Forming Your Business Trust

Like an LLC, forming a business trust begins with drafting required legal documents. For a business trust, the starting point is the Declaration of Trust. This document is similar to an LLC’s articles of incorporation in that it defines the nature or purpose of the trust. The rights of the trust beneficiary and who is named trustee are all critical to obtaining the benefits mentioned above. We can help ensure accuracy and position investors like you for maximum cost savings and tax benefits. We also streamline the self-directed IRA setup process, including business trust formation.

Stay Compliant

We’ve discussed some of the benefits of using a business trust for a self-directed IRA. These benefits all lead to time or money savings and increased confidentiality. However, structuring a business trust for a self-directed IRA is a detailed process. Several of the compliance requirements you’d find with an LLC and basic custodian managed self-directed IRAs still apply. We’ve developed a wealth of expertise when dealing with these compliance concerns. We can help you form your business trust owned self-directed IRA and provide further consultation on plan structuring and IRS regulations. Call us today at (425) 449-4554 for a consultation.
Sources:

  1. California FTB Says RIC Business Trusts do not Owe Minimum Franchise Tax
  2. Dealing with ‘Check-the-box' Regulations

Using Business Trusts To Protect IRA Assets

When you have an individual retirement account (IRA), you may believe your investments are protected. After all, if you are not a doctor, corporate executive or professional in a litigation-prone field, you may feel there is little that could cause you to lose your assets when it comes to investing.

Are My Assets at Risk?

Unfortunately, there are a lot of ways in which your assets, IRA-related or personal, can be at risk. Filing for bankruptcy, divorces, and civil lawsuits are all possible ways to lose your assets. In fact, if your minor causes a car accident, you will likely be the one to pay the price. You are also considered at fault even for accidental injuries that occur on your property, like a slip and fall.

Protecting Your Investment Assets

Fortunately, there are state and federal laws that enable you to protect many of your assets from certain types of situations.

Business Trusts: Protection that Goes Deeper

Additional asset protection is a smart way to further ensure your property and finances stay in your hands, regardless of the legal situations occurring in your life. To do this, most financial advisors recommend you create a legal entity, of which you are the manager or trustee, through which you invest your IRA funds. This IRS-approved strategy separates your personal assets from those owned by your trust.

Full Confidentiality

When you form a business trust, there is no legal requirement to publicly file. The trust agreement, also referred to as a Declaration of Trust, can remain private. There is also no automatic publication of the trustee’s name, ensuring your identity remains private as well. This is important because it allows you to prevent creditors and lawyers from easily identifying your full net-worth should a lawsuit be filed against you.

Disregarded Entity

For federal and state income tax purposes, a business trust is classified as a partnership. However, partnerships that have a sole owner are “disregarded as an entity separate from its owner.” Once this occurs, the entity becomes exempt from filing federal income taxes. As a business trust, vice a LLC, earnings are also exempt from filing state income taxes as well.

 

Self-Directed IRA Cryptocurrency Investing: Your Questions, Answered!

We’ve already went over the finer points of Bitcoin investing using a self-directed IRA. However, cryptocurrency is such a new retirement investment that even those with prior experience face questions. Today, we’re answering three major questions in this handy Q and A guide. Don’t let your questions stop you from this whole new digital world of investment potential.  

Question 1: Is Cryptocurrency Investing With a Self-Directed IRA Allowed?

The short answer is, yes. The only types of investments the IRS specifically forbids is collectibles and life insurance. However, the IRS doesn’t specifically list cryptocurrencies as an alternative investment. But this shouldn’t cause concern, as the IRS has been historically hesitant to endorse investments, as this can backfire later on.

Question 2: What Entities Are IRS Approved to Administer My IRA?

Just like real estate or other alternative investments, cryptocurrency must go through a custodian administered self-directed IRA. With this structure, you’re handing over a transaction fee and access to your cryptocurrency wallet PIN. This risks safety and increases administrative cost.
Another option is to invest using an LLC as an extension of the IRA. This gives you "checkbook control" over your investment funds, since you become the manager of the LLC. However, like an LLC for any other purpose, it requires legal work to establish. Plus, you have to establish a checking account to link with the LLC. Lastly, investor confidentiality isn't maintained since LLC agents must have their names filed with state records. We eliminate some of these pain points by establishing an IRA linked trust, where you as the trustee gain immediate access to Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency investments.

What Factors Influence Cryptocurrency Prices?

We can examine this question using Bitcoin as an example. According to Arthur Hayes, CEO of the BitMex cryptocurrency exchanges, Bitcoin prices can reach $50,000 in 2018. Here are some price factors to consider:

Streamline Cryptocurrency Investing

We’ve answered some important questions regarding regulations, pricing factors and how to structure and administer your self-directed Bitcoin IRA. We can answer more of your questions and walk you through our online platform, which streamlines the entire setup and investing process. Contact us today if you have additional questions.

3 Pros of Self-Directed IRA Investing (& 2 Cons To Review)

Rolling your IRA over into a self-directed IRA isn’t for everyone, but those who take the time and effort to oversee their investments can cash in on a number of benefits that others can only dream of. Here, we’ll review some of the pros and cons of using your self-directed IRA for investing.

Pro: Self-Directed IRAs Allow for Tax-Free and Tax-Deferred Status

Traditional IRAs typically allow for a few very safe, very low-yield options. But one of the major benefits of an IRA is that it allows you take advantage of a special tax status. Roth IRA’s, for instance, allow your investments to grow tax-free. Non-Roth IRAs are tax-deferred (for example, you only pay taxes once you begin cashing in on your IRA). With Roth IRAs, the taxes are paid beforehand on deposit.

Roth IRAs are an excellent opportunity to store lucrative investments for your retirement. In addition, with a Roth IRA, there is no set age at which you are absolutely required to begin taking withdrawals. Roth IRAs are thus a great place to store investments.

Con: Self-Directed IRAs are More Costly than Traditional IRAs

While this may be a con for some, the truth is that you can make a lot more money with a self-directed IRA than you can with a traditional IRA. The catch is that yearly fees are more expensive, and they cost more to set up.

Pro: IRAs are Generally Safe from Creditors

IRAs are some of the safest places in which to store assets. While individual laws will differ from state to state, IRAs are technically considered trusts making them very difficult to sue and even immune to bankruptcy.

Con: IRAs are Complicated and Subject to Regulations

The legalities of using an IRA as an investment bucket are subject to regulation. That is the price paid for having preferred tax status. Self-directed IRAs offer you a lot more options in terms of what you can invest in, but there are some restrictions. For instance, you can’t fund your own or your family’s business with your IRA account. You can, however, invest in businesses in which you don’t have any active involvement.

Pro: Self-Directed IRAs Give Your More Options and More Control

For obvious reasons, this is a bit of a mixed blessing. You can save more money for your retirement by investing in ventures with higher yields, but you also have to do your research and keep on top of how your investments are performing.

Just a few of the interesting things that you can invest in with a self-directed IRA that a traditional IRA would not allow for:

Basically, rolling over your IRA to a self-directed IRA allows you to invest in anything that is legal to invest in. It’s a great opportunity for those that want to take control of their future, and enjoy the tax benefits of their retirement account.

Your Resource On Self Directed IRA Real Estate Investing

Real estate has been a popular investment over the last 50 years. Today, many investors are choosing the self-directed IRA as a vehicle for their real estate investments. There are a ton of resources on the tax benefits and compliance guidelines associated with this type of investment. However, some valuable information can get lost amidst those lengthy resources. I’ve highlighted some of this overlooked information in this handy do’s and don’ts guide.  

Self-Directed IRA “Do’s”

Use Trusted Self-Directed IRA Custodians and Services

This may seem like a no brainer, but the sheer amount of funds in IRAs make it a target for scammers. Also, the advantage of tax deferrals can turn out to be a curse. I’ve seen scammers use this as a lure to keep investment funds under their fraudulent activity for decades. A legit self-directed IRA custodian should be IRS approved and use safety protocols to secure your financial information. We set-up self-directed IRAs for real estate and other private investments, using an FDIC insured IRA trust. Our online platform uses Amazon’s trusted Web Services and our servers our audited regularly.

Compare Administrative Cost

The obvious costs to watch out for are recurring fees. For the typical self-directed IRA, these include a transaction fee on each asset sale or purchase. Transactions on real estate assets can incur even higher transaction fees. There are also some lesser known costs. The IRS requires real estate in a self-directed IRA to be valuated annually. Getting this valuation can be costly. A common pain point investors cite in IRA real estate investing is lack of transparency around costs. We provide a clear, cost-effective method of real estate investing with your self-directed IRA.

Self-Directed IRA “Don’ts”

Give Up Too Much Control

Self-directed IRA real estate investments can go through custodial delays. Mailing forms and transferring funds can take time and are subject to external factors. These extra layers of administration mean less control for the self-directed IRA owner. We provide real-time access to your funds, giving you more control over your real estate investments.

Limit Your Investment Options

Portfolio diversification is what attracts several investors to a self-directed IRA. Real estate, in particular, takes this advantage even further since there are so many different types of real estate. We’ve seen investors enjoy high yield returns on a variety of assets from raw land to condos. Mortgage notes and other lesser known real estate investments are often overlooked, but can also help with diversification.

Start Investing Today

A self-directed IRA for real estate is a good way to diversify your retirement portfolio. However, using a trusted and cost-effective service is important. Gaining checkbook control over your account and accessing a diverse variety of private investment options are equally important. Our online platform meets all these investor needs. We can help you set up a self-directed IRA for real estate and other high-yield investments. Contact us today at (425) 449-4554 for a consultation.

Pros And Cons Of Self Directed IRA Real Estate

Self-directed IRA real estate is among the most popular alternative assets. However, it’s not for everyone. We’ve already given you a helpful overview of what a self-directed IRA for real estate investing is. Below is a closer look at the pros and cons of this type of investment. Read on to find out if this growing investment option is right for you.

Pros

Higher Returns

Real estate as a non-traditional asset can lead to higher returns. According to Investopedia: “Real estate has outperformed the stock market approximately two to one since 2000, earning 10.71% annually versus 5.43% for stocks (1).” This is not always the case. However it can explain why according to a 2014 Morgan Stanley Survey, real estate is the most popular alternative asset class among millionaires (2).

Tax-deferred Gains

Real estate investment gains are tax deferred. When real estate is purchased outside of a self-directed IRA, gains are taxed at the federal and sometimes state tax level. In contrast, gains on self-directed IRA real estate are taxed when those funds are withdrawn. This can occur after decades of unhindered growth.

Control and Stability

Unlike traditional IRAs, a self-directed IRA real estate investment can be more familiar and manageable. Global conditions and political factors often increase the uncertainty of stocks. Real estate as a physical and often local asset offers a more manageable alternative. Plus, when combined with checkbook control through an LLC or business trust, transactions aren’t subject to administrative control from a faraway custodian.  Investing can be as easy as writing your own personal check.

Cons

You Must Do Your Own Due Diligence

A self-directed IRA doesn’t include a separate entity who will perform due diligence on each transaction. The custodian’s role is as a “passive custodian.” She may have real estate investing experience, but this doesn’t mean that your investments are vetted. We can help simplify self-directed IRA access to real estate and other private investments, so you can focus on performing your due diligence.  

You Must Learn Complex Rules and Regulations

A common mistake when dealing with this particular form of investment is “self-dealing.” This includes any transaction that unfairly benefits the owner of the IRA or any of her family members. Examples include renting out an IRA owned rental property to a child or paying yourself for rental property management. A mistake like this can lead to a taxable event or even worst jeopardize the status of your IRA.

A Streamlined Self-Directed IRA Approach

The self-directed IRA real estate investment can offer high returns, tax deferrals and an increased sense of control over investments. However, these benefits come with a responsibility to complete due diligence on all transactions and be aware of “self-dealing” rules. We’ve streamlined the self-directed IRA investing process so that you can focus on these responsibilities. Contact us today for more information.

How Far Will Your Retirement Dollars Go In A Self Directed IRA?

If you’ve ever wondered how far your self-directed IRA can stretch, the answer is probably further than you think. The answer is also probably different than you’re expecting. IRAs can be passed from one generation to the next enjoying tax-deferred status and accruing value the entire time.
This strategy, known as an IRA stretch, allows generation after generation to accumulate capital using an IRA established by the previous generation.

What is a Stretch IRA?

A stretch IRA does not refer to any specific kind of IRA. Rather it’s a strategy that allows an IRA to enjoy its tax-deferred status longer than it normally would. By stretching out the life of the IRA, the funds attached to the account are given decades to accumulate wealth. By contrast, a traditional IRA requires that the holder of the account take the required minimum distribution (RMD) by the time they turn 70 ½.

The RMD is determined by dividing the total value of the account by the number of years left in the average person’s life expectancy. So if there is an account worth $100,000, and an individual’s anticipated life expectancy is 85, the RMD would be 100,000 ➗ 15 at 70 years old.

The IRS provides a “Uniform Lifetime Table” to come up with the life expectancy number. Those who inherit the IRA would be expected to do the same thing, although the rules differ depending on whether or not the heir is a spouse.

How Do You Implement a Stretch IRA?

There is a simple and brilliant solution to making the most out of an IRA. As we said before, the IRS comes up with a table to determine the yearly payout for an IRA based on the life expectancy of the beneficiary. The younger the beneficiary, the smaller the yearly payout. While this number is recalculated each year, it will remain considerably lower for a younger beneficiary. In many cases, the annual tax-deferred gains on the IRA will exceed the yearly benefit.

Stretch IRAs and Other Considerations

Not every IRA plan will allow the holder to stretch out the IRA in this manner. It’s best to check with a financial advisor before implementing the stretch. If you want this idea in your back pocket, you’ll need to set up an IRA that allows the stretch strategy. The best choice for some in this situation is a Roth IRA because distributions are themselves tax-free. Other IRA distributions are considered as ordinary income and thus subject to taxes.

Future legislation may pose a threat to stretch IRAs. There has already been legislation proposed that would do away with the “loophole” that allows IRAs to grow tax-deferred from generation to generation. On the same token, the Supreme Court ruled that inherited IRAs did not constitute “retirement funds”, but general income.
So whether or not the stretch strategy will be there in the coming years remains uncertain.

But for the time being, those that are in a good spot for their own retirement have the option of naming the youngest member of their family the beneficiary of their IRA to allow it to grow tax-deferred for another generation.

How You Can Use A Self Directed IRA To Save Your Home

It’s hard to think of a lot of good reasons to tap into your retirement fund before it’s matured and you’ve hit the ripe old age of 59 ½. This is because you’ll incur a 10% penalty and that money will be immediately subject to taxes.
There are, however, certain instances in which an individual can withdraw money from their IRA without incurring the standard penalty.
The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 made it possible for folks to raid their IRAs under certain circumstances. Here, we’re going to discuss a couple of those circumstances. Money from your IRA can be used toward the purchase of a new house or even to pay off a mortgage on a house you already own. Under the right circumstances, that money can be withdrawn without penalty and retain tax-privileged status.

Incentives for First-Time Home Buyers

One good reason you might want to raid your retirement account is if you’re a first time home buyer. The IRS offers a number of incentives for first-time buyers, and one of them is a withdrawal of up to $10,000 without penalty. You’ll, of course, need to use that money to buy your first home, but so long as your paperwork is in order, the IRS won’t be beating down your door.
In order to be considered as a first time home buyer, you must (obviously) have not owned a home within the last 2 years. Nor can you have had, within the last 2 years, a financial interest in a home. So if you owned a home 3 years ago, it’s possible you can still qualify as a “first-time” homebuyer. In addition, your spouse is also allowed to withdraw $10,000 from their IRA.
Rules can differ depending on the kind of IRA you have. For those that have a Roth IRA, the money can be withdrawn tax-free because taxes have been paid on deposit. But you’re still on the hook for the 10% penalty for raiding the IRA early. That is, unless, you’re using the money for a first-time home purchase. If the Roth IRA is at least 5 years old then the withdrawn earnings themselves are also tax-free.

Using Your IRA for Mortgage Relief

Another good reason for tapping into your IRA early is medical hardship. For an individual who has gotten behind on their mortgage payments, the IRS makes a concession on a withdrawal so long as it can be shown that there is a serious medical condition that is preventing them from working.
In order to do that, an individual will have to meet very specific requirements. Namely, a physician must declare that you are unable to currently work due to either physical or mental disability.

The Bottom Line

For obvious reasons, the best-case scenario for any individual is not to raid their IRA simply because they need the money for a house or a mortgage. Nonetheless, it’s possible, under the right circumstances, to use that money without incurring the 10% penalty early withdrawal penalty.
Before doing this, however, you should contact an advisor and ensure that all of your ducks are in a row with the IRS.

Why Use a Business Trust Over an LLC

Your individual retirement account (IRA) is a carefully crafted nest egg. If you have a self-directed IRA (SDIRA), you assume complete control over every aspect of your account. Each contribution, whether you made it pre- or post-taxes, is an investment you make in your future. Every buy or sale is a carefully crafted trade that took time, effort and money.

Although you may take risks related to your investments, did you know there were other dangers that may end up depleting your funds and impacting your future financial security? At Royal Legal Solutions, we understand how devastating it can be to lose your assets regardless of the reason. Below, we look at how setting up a business trust may be the best way for you to protect your investments.

Why Would My Assets Be At Risk if I Invest?

There are certain professions that are considered to be litigation-prone. Doctors, corporate executives and other such professions fall into this category. However, that is not the only way in which your assets, personal or IRA-related, can be put at risk. Claiming bankruptcy, going through a divorce, or being the defendant in a civil lawsuit can all result in the loss of your assets. As a parent, if your child causes another’s injury – you are liable. In the case of a car accident, injury on your property, or wound aboard your boat, the resulting lawsuit could financially ruin your net worth.

Asset Protection: Inherent Defenses

While your assets can be put at risk through any of the above, state and federal laws do exist that provide some level of protection. For IRAs, both contributions and gains up to $1 million are protected from bankruptcy proceedings. Qualified employer-sponsored plans, such as SEP and SIMPLE IRAs, are also protected from bankruptcy. For plans that are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), your assets are protected from bankruptcy and all other forms of litigation.

Business Trust vs The LLC

Most experts, however, recommend you consider further protecting your assets through the establishment of a business trust or a limited-liability company (LLC). Creating a legal entity that acts on your behalf for investments is a protective trading strategy. (Yes, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) allows for this type of strategy.)

There are many benefits related to using a business trust or LLC. Business trusts, however, go beyond the protections afforded by a LLC.

The Protection of Privacy

There is no legal requirement that forces you to publically file your business trust. Your Declaration of Trust, which is your trust agreement, is also private. Trustee names, addresses, and other personal information related to your business trust are all considered private and protected from automatic publications as well. This is not true for LLCs. In fact, when an LLC is formed, not only does the Articles of Organization have to be filed with the Secretary of State where you are located, but your name and address must be as well as the manager of the business itself.

The Reduction of Personal Liability

When you use a business trust to invest, all investments and gains acquired under that entity are legally separated from your personal assets. This is beneficial for two reasons. If you use your business trust to invest in a property and default on the loan, this separation will protect your personal assets from any sort of legal ramifications. On the other hand, if you file for personal bankruptcy, your business trust assets are protected from the proceedings. LLCs, on the other hand, have limited personal liability. Furthermore, these protections are only active for as long as your LLC remains in compliance with regulations. All annual filings, fees, and requirements must be made or you lose this protection and invalidate the separation of assets.

A Simple Establishment

A business trust is relatively simple to set up. They have no set up fees or annual feels related to their formation. Because they do not require public filing, they are not subjected to approvals, registrations or other things that can cause set up to take time. By comparison, setting up a LLC is a bit more complex. LLCs require name reservations, application approvals, and waiting periods. They also have somewhat costly government filing fees that are required during start up and annually (or biennially). LLCs are also required to file reports with the Secretary of State per their state’s statute. When all is said and done, an LLC can take one to three months to officially complete the approval process and become a legal entity you can use for investments.

Filing Taxes and a Disregarded Entity

Both business trusts and LLCs allow you to file taxes as a partnership or corporation. However, a business trust also allows you to file as a trust. A LLC will permit personal filing. When your business trust or LLC is filed as a partnership, they are required to file federal and state income tax returns. However, when a partnership consists of only one owner, they can be “disregarded as an entity separate from its owner.” When this occurs, the entity will not need to file certain income tax returns. For business trusts, being a “disregarded entity” means you will not have to file a federal nor a state tax return. For LLCs, however, most states will still require you to filed income tax returns.

Foreign Jurisdictions

One of the most common SDIRA strategies is to invest in real estate. For LLCs, if you invest in properties that are outside your state, you will need to file your company with that state and go through the establishment requirements before you can proceed. You will likely need to hire an agent in that state to act as the manager on their behalf as well. Business trust investments are exempt for this process and any related fees.

Make Business Trusts Work for You

Royal Legal Solutions knows every penny counts when it comes to your future. As experts who specialize in SDIRAs, we can help you with setting up a business trust that works for you. We know the regulations and how to make sure they foster your financial growth instead of taking from it.

How You Can Invest IRA Funds in Real Estate

Real estate is a hot investment for all the right reasons. Housing markets across the U.S. have caught fire in the past five years and while mortgage rates remain low, banks are much more cautious about who qualifies. With inventory low and demand high, real estate represents a great investment not only for homeowners but for those seeking to rent the properties as well. Indeed, some of the investment opportunities involve upscale apartment complexes that cater to young professionals.

But many are wondering how they can break into these investments. One possibility involves using your IRA.

Self-Directed IRAs

Most IRAs are set up around a handful of mutual funds. They’re very conservative investments that offer minimal returns but aren’t likely to lose value either. In other words, they're safe.

Another option that real estate investors love involves rolling over the traditional IRA into a self-directed IRA. Self-directed IRAs (SDIRAs) offer far more choices for investment, including real estate.

Not only can you use your SDIRA to invest in residential and commercial real estate in the United States, but you can also invest in foreign properties. There are plenty of reasons to invest in property, aside from the potential profits.

Using Real Estate to Fund Your IRA

One of the major upsides of this approach is that the income generated by real estate can be added to your IRA without being taxed. The one caveat there is neither you nor a loved one can directly profit from it.

Here, the use of non-recourse loans can be beneficial. A non-recourse loan is a loan that is not guaranteed by anyone. There are a number of reputable non-recourse lenders. These loans allow an investor to purchase a property with 35% of the money down. For the price of one property, an investor can purchase three and use the income from that property to pay off the remainder of the debt. While it takes a bit of a hands-on approach to accomplish this, the gains are usually superior to more conservative investments like mutual funds. This allows investors to buy up more properties using their IRAs than they would otherwise be able to.

Real Estate Investments for Those that Don’t Want to Deal with Tenants

So you don’t want to deal with tenants. Fair enough. There’s another option that is available that allows you to still cash in on the thriving real estate market. Essentially, you can pool your IRA money with other investors who furnish private loans to those who do. These individuals are responsible for vetting the property, making the necessary repairs and renting it out to tenants. This strategy allows you to earn a passive income while cashing in on a fantastic real estate market.

Shopping For a Self-Directed IRA Real Estate Loan

Your individual retirement account (IRA) is a great way to invest in your golden years. An IRA allows you to invest in stocks, bonds and mutual funds, often in a tax-deferred setting. If you decide to invest in your future through a self-directed IRA (SDIRA), you can diversify your portfolio even more. The professionals at Royal Legal Solutions have the experience to help you avoid legal mistake that could be costly. If you decide to invest in real estate through your SDIRA, below are a few tips you may want to consider or speak with your IRA manager about.

Understanding the SDIRA Hoops

While SDIRAs come with much higher potential gains, they do have several hoops you need to jump through first. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has several regulations in place to ensure your SDIRA gains are made fairly and legally. Because the IRS requires SDIRA owners to conduct their investments through a custodian or trustee, making sure you hire a professional, experienced and specialized firm is vital.

A Required Separation of Entities

The IRS mandates that your SDIRA real estate investment cannot, in any way, have your name on it. By creating a separation of entity, the IRS prevents owners from taking advantage of real estate-related tax breaks, such as “Like Kind” exchanges and depreciation exemptions.

The Use of Non-Recourse Loans

The IRS also dictates the types of loans you can use for your SDIRA real-estate investment. In fact, it outright limits you to the use of non-recourse loans only. Non-recourse loans are those that list only the investment property as collateral. While there is no way to recover the funds if you fail to pay on your loan repayment, a non-recourse loan protects you from the lender in the case of a default. Using a non-recourse loan means the lender cannot pursue other funds contained in your IRA or personal bank account to collect on the defaulted balance. (However, you will be unable to retain the property should you default; this makes the risks much higher if you are unable to afford the repayment sum.)

Avoid Disqualified Individuals

The IRS does not allow you to invest in property that you or other disqualified individuals own. Known as “self-dealing,” the IRS views this as a means of taking advantage of your real-estate investments. Disqualified individuals include your parents, siblings, and children. If you are married, it also extends to your spouse and their parents.

More on Non-Recourse Loans

Creating a separation of entities and avoiding disqualified individuals are typically actions that you and your custodian can handle upfront. However, the non-recourse loans require a bit more of an understanding. When you use your SDIRA to invest in real estate, taking out a non-recourse loan means you will not be held personally responsible for repaying it. It is your IRA that must make those payments directly as it is considered the borrower instead. Non-recourse loans typically have a much higher loan-to-value ratio (50% to 70%). In the case of a default, the higher interest rates associated with this will help to ensure they recover more of their investment.

Talk to a Professional Today

At Royal Legal Solutions, our experts have the professional experience to help you make legal decisions regarding your SDIRA. SDIRA real estate investments can be complex and involve more regulations than a typical IRA account. From avoiding accidental illegal activities to helping you find the best lender for a real estate loan, our custodians can help you make the most of these high-risk accounts.

The 5 Best Investments in My Self-Directed IRA

For those that have taken the plunge and rolled their IRA over into a self-directed IRA, a number of investment options are now at your fingertips. The question then becomes: what should you invest in? While the answer is going to differ depending on your own personal interests and acuities, these are some of the most exciting options available.

#1. Real Estate

Real estate is hot right now and the market for the right kind of investor is fantastic. It’s going to take a willingness to get your hands dirty. There are a number of dilapidated or run-down properties that are not up to rental codes all across the country. But the property itself has never been more valuable. Anyone willing to restore the property to livable conditions can make a killing flipping it or renting it out.

IRA money can provide the starting capital to do this, especially when combined with a non-recourse loan. Non-recourse loans require that you only provide 35-50% of the money down. A savvy investor can use that to stretch their IRA capital across multiple properties.

#2. Business Equity

Investors looking to purchase equity in a business can make excellent returns to fatten their IRA. The one restriction is that the business must be a completely separate venture from yourself and certain family members. That also means that there are restrictions on your personal involvement in the business. You may also be required to pay UBIT (unrelated business income tax). You’ll want to make sure that a financial advisor or lawyer oversees the legalities, but a number of individuals are using their IRA to successfully invest in business equity.

#3. Private Lending for Real Estate Ventures

Any means of jumping on the real estate bandwagon right now is a smart move. This is largely because there is such a huge demand for housing and rental properties. It remains a huge need for many areas, so even those that aren’t willing to deal with restoring the properties themselves, overseeing the repairs, or dealing with tenants can still make a good amount of money simply lending to those who will.

#4. Cryptocurrencies

Despite their reputation for volatility, many believe that cryptocurrencies are the wave of the future. The reason for this is that the distributed ledger technology on which they are based provides a decentralized approach to preventing counterfeiting. While most cryptocurrencies are tied to the relative success of Bitcoin, many others are attempting to fix the many serious problems that Bitcoin has. Investing in these ventures through ICO’s is a high-risk high-reward prospect that, if successful, will pay off major dividends.

#5. LLC Shares

Investing in shares of LLCs provides an excellent opportunity for passive income. Again, it’s a matter of doing the research and vetting the company, but for those that want to take a hands-on approach to their IRA, it also provides an excellent opportunity to see steady returns. You’ll want an attorney to take a look at the operating agreement so that it doesn’t conflict with federal restrictions on IRAs, but if set up properly, it will give you the opportunity to earn a solid passive income.

Self-Directed IRA Investments in Cryptocurrency

At Royal Legal Solutions, we stay on top of all investment trends. One of the fasted growing trends today related to cryptocurrencies. Let’s take a look at this often confusing topic.

What is Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrency, in particular Bitcoin, was invented in 2009 created by Satoshi Nakamoto. In its most simplistic form, cryptocurrency is considered to be a digital currency that is used in virtual exchanges. While there are many types of cryptocurrencies available today, the most common to be used is Bitcoin. Bitcoin uses cryptography as a means of securing and verifying transactions. Cryptography is also used to control the creation of Bitcoins, and other digital currencies, through virtual databases that permit changes only when very specific conditions have been fulfilled.

Does the IRS Allow for Cryptocurrency Investments?

Current laws do not prohibit the use of cryptocurrencies. In fact, tax regulations from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) do not dictate what you investments you can make with your retirement accounts, within the scope of allowable categories. (For example, your individual retirement account allows for investments into anything that could be considered stocks, bonds or mutual funds. Other types of retirement accounts allow for further options as well.) They do however prohibit two very specific types of investment activities:

Cryptocurrencies clearly do not fall into the life insurance category. With names like “Bitcoin”, there was some initial confusion regarding the collectibles classification. Because it is digital, and based on a 2014 notice from the IRS, rest assured that cryptocurrencies do not fall into the collectibles category either. Instead, the IRS identifies them as property, which is allowable under certain IRA plans.

Self-Directed IRAs and Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrency gains are well documented and come with potentially high-returns for your IRA. By turning a portion of your self-directed IRA (SDIRA) portfolio into a cryptocurrency investment is a modern way to further diversify your investments. (Please note, because cryptocurrency is still considered a fledgling investment, only a small percentage of your portfolio should be converted to help decrease risk and protect your net worth.) When it comes to taxation on your cryptocurrency investment, IRS property regulations apply. That means that investing in, through buys or sales, cryptocurrency will not prompt unrelated business income taxes or other similar taxes.

Find a Custodian

IRS regulations require the use of a custodian or trustee for a SDIRA. While you retain control of your SDIRA, the custodian can help you facilitate exchanges at your request and ensure you do not violate any tax codes while doing so. However, because of the complexities of such a new investment capital, not all firms will allow these kinds of investments. Finding a trusted and knowledgeable custodian will go a long way in simplifying your cryptocurrency conversion and investment process. The experienced professionals at Royal Legal Solutions can help. Not only have we worked with investors new to the cryptocurrency scene, but also we have extensive experience with SDIRA custodial services in general.

Cryptocurrency investments may not be for everyone. However, the experts at Royal Legal Solutions can help explain how they work as well as what options are available. Ultimately, the decision to invest is up to you as the account owner, but we are here to help you gain a better understanding of investment opportunities and the regulations you need to know before investing.

What Would You Do With $100,000 in Your Self-Directed IRA?

One hundred thousand dollars is a nice sum to have in your IRA, but let’s face it. It doesn’t go as far as it used to, and it’s likely to stretch even less by the time you’re ready to retire. Often the returns on conservative investments such as CD’s, money markets, and bonds barely outstrip the rate of inflation. Inflation provides a constant pressure on the value of your money, so it ends up being that if it’s not making a decent return, you’re actually losing money. For savvy investors, using their IRA creatively can result in huge returns.

Self-Direct Your IRA

Self-directed IRAs are becoming increasingly popular and for good reason. They provide IRA holders with numerous options and open up investment opportunities that traditional IRAs can’t. At the same time, they provide a unique advantage: IRAs are tax-deferred.

How can you turn your IRA into a serious investment vehicle?

There are a number of custodians that specialize in self-directed IRAs. It will cost more than a traditional IRA, but on the same token, it provides you with unlimited investment opportunities on which to cash in. In other words, it’s an expenditure that can show huge dividends.

So the first step is rolling your current IRA over into a self-directed IRA.

What Can You Do With More Control over Your IRA?

One of the best options available right now is real estate. In terms of houses, most folks know that it’s a seller’s market. But rental properties are appreciating in value as well. In fact, many housing markets are currently failing to meet the demands of renters. It’s a huge opportunity for developers, but it’s also a huge opportunity for individuals that are willing to renovate dilapidated properties.

This affords different kinds of investors different kinds of opportunities, and IRAs can provide the starting capital on which to make that journey.

One possibility that is often overlooked: non-recourse loans. These can be used to purchase a property with somewhere between 35%-50% of the money down. This allows those without $100,000 in their IRA to invest in a decent property or those with more to invest in several. Either can use the money generated by rent to pay off the remainder of the loan.
Alternatively, those that are looking for a passive way to earn can use the money to furnish real estate investors in the purchasing of property that can then be renovated and rented out.

Real estate is a hot market right now because the demand is higher than supply. Fixing up properties that have fallen into neglect is an opportunity to cash in on a market that has shown great performance over the past few years.

IRA Rollovers: Yes, Rolling Over Your 401(k) Into An IRA Is Smart!

Changing careers? Deciding what to do with retirement funds is going to be a primary concern. While there are a number of options available, many choose to roll these funds over into an Individual Retirement Account.

There are a number of good reasons for this.

What Exactly is a Rollover IRA?

IRA Rollovers can be deposited into an IRA from another retirement fund, for instance: a 401(k). Those who don’t already have an IRA can open one for the express purpose of rolling over funds from a previous employer’s retirement plan. Those who already have an IRA can simply roll over the money into the existing IRA.

The Benefits of an IRA Rollover

Many folks are content to let their 401(k) plans accrue money over time, and there’s nothing wrong with that option. Why would you fix something that isn’t broke? Well in this instance, you would not be fixing something that is broken so much as replacing it with something better.

What do we mean?

Those who have just switched jobs have a short list of options concerning their retirement funds. These include:

Cashing the funds out immediately is not advisable. While leaving the money in the original 401(k) or rolling it over into the new one aren’t bad options, there are a number of reasons why an IRA rollover is the best option on the list.

Rollovers Can Preserve Tax-Favored Status

Those who choose to cash out their accounts early are not only subject to a 10% early withdrawal penalty if they are under the age of 59 ½ but will also need to pay income tax on the balance.

By contrast, rollovers can preserve tax-favored status so long as they’re transferred from one trustee to another. In other words, the IRA will continue to grow tax-deferred until a retiree begins collecting on their investment.

IRA Rollovers Can Increase Investment Options

Some folks choose to leave the funds in their old plan alone or roll the funds over into a new employer-offered plan. There’s nothing wrong with this per se, but rolling the money over into an IRA can increase the number of options that are available to you. For instance, IRAs typically offer a broader range of investments. 401(k) plans, on the other hand, may be limited to a handful of mutual funds.

This advantage will contribute to a better investment strategy and can prove more lucrative in the long run.

IRAs Have Lower Fees

Generally speaking, employer-sponsored 401(k) plans typically have higher administrative fees than IRAs.

An IRA Centralizes Control of Your Retirement Monies

There might some good reasons to keep your old 401(k) open, particularly if you’re satisfied with the returns. On the other hand, it’s much more convenient to have one centralized location from which to manage all of your retirement funds. IRAs are easy to figure out and significantly reduce the complexity of managing separate accounts.
From one centralized location you can access:

Brokers Will Compete For Your Business

Brokerage firms are more than willing to offer incentives to bring your business to them. In some instances, this could even mean free cash. In other instances, you may be entitled to free trades. It’s certainly something to look into as you figure out how you want to invest your retirement money.

401(k) Plans are Subject to Rules an Individual Company Establishes

Every company has a great deal of wiggle room when it comes to setting up a 401(k) plan for their employees. IRAs, on the other hand, are subject to a centralized set of rules established by the IRS.

This is better for two reasons:

The Rollover Itself is Free

While there are other costs to consider, rolling over a 401(k) into an IRA is free. There will be transaction costs for individual investments and other costs to bear in mind, but setting up and rolling over the money is a relatively pain-free process.

The Bottom Line

The advantages of rolling over your 401(k) into an IRA far exceed the risks. It makes sense not because the other options are bad, but simply because IRAs are better for some. With more investment options to choose from, lower administrative costs associated with the account, a simple centralized location from which to access your retirement investments, and more transparency regarding how the fund operates, IRAs make the most sense  for your retirement plan.

Self Directed IRA Business Trust FAQs

Investing in an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is a great way to start saving for your golden years. Whether you are interested in a Self-Directed IRA (SDIRA), 401(K), or other IRA plan, investment professionals at Royal Legal Solutions can help. Below is a list of the most frequently asked questions we receive from people looking to learn more about investing in their future.

General SDIRA Questions

While SDIRAs have been around for decades, they are not the most well-known means of saving for your retirement. As a firm that specializes in SDIRAs, Royal Legal Solutions is here to help you understand how these types of investment accounts work.

How is a SDIRA different from other retirement plan options?

IRAs, 401(K)s, and SDIRAs are all used to earmark funds you intend to use during your retirement. At their core, each is a vehicle that is used to promote savings and investments that become available to your upon retirement. The majority of these accounts allow for unhindered growth as the invested funds and their earnings are generally tax-deferred. Each allows for investments in publicly traded securities and derivations of them, including stocks, bonds and mutual funds. However, that is where a SDIRA distinguishes itself. SDIRAs allow you to invest in much more than that. These alternative assets, like real-estate, precious metals, and renewable energy, allow for you to have a much more diverse portfolio. IRAs and 401(K)s are typically held at banks, insurance companies, or general investment firms and managed primarily by investment professionals.

Investment firms that offer custodial management of your SDIRA, on the other hand, tend to specialize specifically in these types of accounts. Also unlike IRA and 401(K) accounts, you control every aspect of your SDIRA. The investment professionals who retain custodial-only access are simply there to ensure you do not unintentionally break rules set out by the IRS.

What is the typical timeline to open a SDIRA or 401(K)?

At Royal Legal Solutions, opening a new SDIRA or 401(K) is easy. On average, the account process can take between two days and three weeks. The main drivers that dictate this timeline are how you plan to fund your account and, if you have a current retirement plan, who the custodian is. Our investment professionals strive to make this process as easy and quick as possible. We know every day it takes to set up your account is another missed opportunity to grow your finances.

Does having a SDIRA make me more likely to be audited by the IRS?

Currently, the IRS cannot legally target taxpayers for audits based on the type of investment accounts they have. In 2015, the IRS began asking for additional information on IRA reports in the form of Form 5498. However, because not all investors digitally submit their reports and the IRS cannot presently support manual submissions, targeting SDIRA owners would be considered a discriminatory practice. While this may change in the future, a SDIRA will not trigger an audit.

My current CPA believes there is an incurred 39% tax if I switch to a SDIRA and has warned against doing so. Is this true?

Your CPA is likely not as familiar with the SDIRA process as a specialized firm would be. They may also be under the assumption that you are attempting to take an early distribution from your current IRA in order to fund your SDIRA. This is untrue. Opening a SDIRA is typically considered a custodian-to-custodian transfer of your current IRA. Because of this, the startup process and investments are non-reportable and non-taxable.

Funding My IRA

IRAs, the tax regulations that govern them and investment complexities can give anyone a headache. Our professionals are here to help make sure your IRA experience runs smoothly.

Can I claim all of my IRA contributions?

You can contribute to your IRA account. However, if you have an IRA account through your employer, you may not be able to deduct the total of your traditional IRA contributions due to IRS threshold constraints. The investment professionals at Royal Legal Solutions can work with you to help determine the best way to save you money while investing in your future.

How can I transfer funds into my new account?

There are two ways to roll funding between your accounts. For a non-taxable and non-reportable option, you can elect to make a direct custodian-to-custodian transfer from your old account to your new one. You may also opt for a distribution-and-rollover transfer. These events are reportable, but are not taxable when the old funds are rolled into a new account within 60 days of distribution from the previous custodian.

How long does a transfer take?

For the custodian-to-custodian option, a transfer may take between seven and twenty days. If you are considering a distribution-and-rollover method, it only takes a couple business days for your bank to transfer the distribution to your new IRA.

How do 401(K) rollovers works?

We will provide you with the necessary information you need to initiate a 401(K) rollover. As the plan owner, you must provide this information to your plan administrator to start the rollover process.

What is the difference between an indirect and direct rollover?

Indirect rollovers occur when the funds from your current plan are distributed directly to you. A 20% tax withholding fee will be taken from your total by your administrator. Once you deposit your distribution, you have up to 60 days to invest any percentage of those funds into your new IRA or 401(K) without an additional penalty tax. Direct rollovers bypass these taxes. With these, your current administrator issues your funds directly to your new plan.

Managing My IRA

Whether you are new to investing or just want expert assistance, Royal Legal Solutions keep our costs affordable to ensure your investment funds go where they are supposed to: towards your future.

What rules apply to an LLC I invest in?

If your investments include owning a percentage of an LLC, all transaction must meet IRA guidelines. When LLC returns are distributed to investors, including you,  they need to be issued at the same time and pro-rata.

How much can I contribute annually to my IRA?

Contributions to your IRA and 401(K) are subjected to annual limits as dictated by the IRS. For IRAs, if you are under the age of 50, your annual maximum contribution is $5,500. If you are 50 or older, your annual contribution is capped at $6,500. Simplified Employee Pension IRAs are different and have an annual limit of $54,000. The 2018 solo 401(K) contribution limit is $55,000.

What is a RMD?

RMD, or Required Minimum Distribution, is the lowest amount of money you are obligatory to withdraw from your retirement account once you reach the age of 70.5. (Roth IRAs differ. They do not require any withdrawals until after the owner has died.) Your RMD is calculated by the IRS-published life expectancy factor and your balance as of 31 December of the previous year. RMDs are calculated on an annual basis with the first one starting on 01 April once you turn 70.5. You are required to withdraw your annual RMD amount by 31 December every year.

Do I pay taxes on RMDs?

Yes, the account owner is taxed at their income tax rate when they withdrawal their RMD.

What if I fail to withdraw my RMD that year?

Regardless of whether the IRA is yours or you inherited it, failure to withdraw the designated RMD by 31 December will result in a 50% penalty fee.

Business Trust For Self Directed IRA With Checkbook Control

The most exciting aspect for owners of a Self-Directed IRA with checkbook control is to have more direct authority and oversight over the investment and management decisions regarding the funds and investments held in the retirement account. The driving factor is to avoid having to submit documentation for each investment transaction or transfer of funds to the IRA custodian for their review and approval. This review process can take up to 2-3 days and moreover, the custodian usually charges a fee for (1) this review and approval process and (2) the transfer of funds to the investment. Ouch! Why waste your retirement funds on such administrative overheads?

How Self-Directed IRA Business Trusts Work

One way to achieve greater discretionary and more immediate control over the funds in your self-directed IRA is to form an IRS-approved legal entity into which the funds of the IRA are invested and you as the IRA owner and the manager/trustee of that legal entity, can assume direct control over those funds by your management role with that entity. Business trusts and limited liability companies (“LLCs”) are the two types of entities typically selected for this purpose for which the self-directed IRA would transfer the funds for investment. With a Business Trust the IRA owner will serve as the Trustee. With a LLC, the IRA owner will serve as the Manager.

With a Business Trust the Checkbook IRA account makes an investment in the trust by acquiring 100% of the “beneficial interests” of the business trust. Acquiring the beneficial interests of the business trust is similar to an IRA account acquiring the “membership interests” of a limited liability company or shares of a corporation. Essentially, the term “beneficial interests” is the title for the “equity interests” in the business trust that are acquired when the investment is made in a business trust.

By acquiring 100% of the “beneficial interests” of the business Trust, the IRA account has now become both (i) the “trustor,” or “settlor,” of the business trust (i.e. the party that has transferred assets into the business trust) and (ii) the “beneficiary” (i.e. the party that holds the “beneficial interests” of the business trust).

We believe that the Business Trust is a better type of entity to choose for your self directed IRA with checkbook control for the following reasons and as illustrated here.

No Public Filing Preserves Your Full Confidentiality

When an LLC is formed, it must (1) Name and Agent for Service Of Process in the Articles Of Organization and (2) File the Articles Of Organization with the Secretary of State in the state of organization. The IRA owner is typically going to list himself or herself as the Agent. Once the filing is complete, the LLC and all details of the owner become public record and there goes the confidentiality of the owner. If there are substantial funds in the LLC transferred from the self-directed IRA, this transparency could compromise the privacy for the owner.

In contrast, there is no public filing requirement when forming a business trust. The Declaration of Trust, or Trust Agreement, remains a private and confidential document. Moreover, while the IRA owner will typically serve as the trustee of the business trust, there is no automatic publication of the name of trustee. Thus there is a higher level of privacy and confidentiality available with a business trust.

A 'True' Disregarded Entity

Both a business trust and an LLC will be classified for tax purposes as a partnership under federal and state income tax regulations. If classified as a partnership, then the business trust and LLC must file income tax returns with the IRS and the respective state agency. However, an entity classified as a partnership that has only one owner will be “disregarded as an entity separate from its owner.” Once classified as a “disregarded entity” then that entity will not have to file federal income tax returns.

A limited liability company with just one member will be classified for federal and state income tax purposes as a “disregarded entity.” With this classification, the LLC will avoid having to prepare and file a federal income tax return. But not so at the state level, at least not in California. Despite being a “disregarded entity” for California state income tax purposes, the LLC must still comply with California return filing requirements because this is method for the LLC to pay the California minimum franchise tax imposed on LLCs.

In contrast, if a business trust has only a single holder of its “beneficial interests,” it will then be classified as a “disregarded entity” and, as a result, not have to file either a federal or state income tax return. Thus the fees and costs of preparing a state income tax return, as well as a federal income tax return, are avoided.

No Registered Agent Needed In A 'Foreign Jurisdiction'

Making investments in commercial and residential real estate is quite common by owners of a Self-directed IRA with checkbook control. If that real estate investment is in a property in a state that is different than the state where the LLC is formed, then the LLC would have to file appropriate documents in that foreign state in order to "qualify to do business" in that state. For this purpose, unless the IRA owner/LLC manager has someone they know in that state, who is willing to serve as the registered agent for the LLC in that state, the LLC owner would need to hire an independent registered agent in that state just to remain compliant. Although the fees for such registered agents are in the low $100s, it is an annual expense nonetheless from your retirement funds - unnecessary overhead which can legally be avoided.

But if a Business Trust as the holding entity for the Checkbook IRA is used to make these real estate investments in states other than the IRA owner’s state of residence, there is no requirement or need to hire an agent in that “foreign” state. This is because the business trust does not have to file any documentation to “qualify to do business” in that state in order to purchase real estate for investment purposes. Thus you as the IRA owner can avoid having to pay the fees typically required with such filing as well as avoiding having to pay any annual fees to an agent in that state. These all add up in the long run as hard money that go directly to increase your account balance.

No Franchise Tax

As Wikipedia states so correctly, "Franchise tax is a tax charged by some U.S. states to corporations with a nexus (aka a filing obligation) with those states. The common feature of a state's franchise tax is that it is not based on income. "This is a mandatory requirement for any LLC that wants to be "qualified to do business" in that state. Depending on the state, these fees can be quite high, which erodes the funds in your Checkbook IRA account year after year or as long as your LLC wants to remain “qualified to do business” in that other state.

There is no such franchise tax requirement for Business Trusts.

As you can understand when a Business Trust is used as the holding entity for a self directed IRA with checkbook control, you as the Trustee and Owner can enjoy the best of both worlds - freedom to invest, divest, manage any qualified investments at any time from your retirement funds and also be able to prevent unnecessary overheads from fees, taxes and expenses with full confidentiality.

Getting Started With A Self-Directed IRA Trust

My specialty is in structuring companies to protect and hide assets in anticipation of litigation. 100% of my clients are real estate investors, and I am an investor myself. Whether you are looking to protect your personal assets, set up a self-directed IRA, or need estate planning, I can help. 

Self-Directed IRAs: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Self-Directed IRAs offer investment freedom, but they require some explanation. Here are the answers to the most common questions we receive regarding Self-Directed IRAs.

1. What Is a Self-Directed IRA?

A self-directed IRA account allows the IRA to invest funds anywhere allowed by law.
The main reason most people don’t use Self-Directed IRAs is that the large financial institutions that administer most U.S. retirement accounts don’t think it's a good idea to hold real estate or non-publicly traded assets in retirement plans.

2. Can I "Roll Over" or Transfer My Existing Retirement Account to a Self-Directed IRA?

This depends on your situation:

Your Situation: Transfer/Rollover
I have a 401k or other
company plan with a current
employer.
____________________________________
No, in most instances your current
employer’s plan will make it impossible
until you reach retirement age.
____________________________________
I inherited an IRA and keep the
account with a brokerage or
bank as an inherited IRA.
____________________________________
Yes, you can transfer to a self-directed
inherited IRA.
____________________________________
I have a Traditional IRA with a
bank or brokerage.
____________________________________
Yes, you can transfer to a self-directed
IRA.
____________________________________
I have a Roth IRA with a bank
or brokerage.
____________________________________
Yes, you can transfer to a self-directed Roth IRA.
____________________________________

I have a 403(b) account with a
former employer.
____________________________________
Yes, you can rollover to a self-directed
IRA.
____________________________________
I have a 401k account with a
former employer.
____________________________________
Yes, you can rollover to a self-directed
IRA. If it is a Traditional 401k, it will be a
self-directed IRA. If it is a Roth 401k, it will be a self-directed Roth IRA
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3. What Can I Invest in With a Self-Directed IRA?

The most popular self-directed retirement account investments include:
Rental real estate.
Secured loans to others for real estate (trust deed lending).
Private small business stock or LLC interests
Precious metals, such as gold or silver.
Cryptocurrency

You May Not Invest In:

Collectibles such as artwork, stamps, coins, alcoholic beverages, or antiques
Life insurance
S-corporation stock
Any investment owned by someone in your close family.

4. What Restrictions Are There on Using a Self-Directed IRA?

When self-directing your retirement account, you must be aware of the prohibited transaction rules found in IRC 4975. These rules don’t restrict what you can invest in, but whom your IRA may transact with.
The prohibited transaction rules restrict your retirement account from transactions with someone who is disqualified. Disqualified persons include: the account owner, their spouse, children, parents, and certain business partners.

On the other hand, your retirement account could buy a rental property from your distant cousin, college roommate, friend, or a random third party.

5. Can My Self-Directed IRA Invest in My Personal Company, Business, or Deal?

No, it would violate the prohibited transaction rules if your IRA transacted with you personally or with a company you own.

6. What Is Checkbook Control?

Many self-directed retirement account owners, particularly those buying real estate, use an IRA LLC, also known as a “checkbook-control IRA”, to hold their retirement assets so that they have fast access.

7. Can I Get a Loan to Buy Real Estate With My IRA?

Your IRA can buy real estate using its own cash and a loan or mortgage. To do this, you must obtain a non-recourse loan.

A non-recourse loan is made by the lender against the asset. In the event of default, the sole recourse of the lender is to foreclose and take back the asset. The lender cannot pursue the IRA or the IRA owner for any deficiency.

8. Are There Any Tax Traps I Should Know About?

The Unrelated Business Income Tax, or UBIT, applies when your IRA receives unrelated business income. If your IRA receives investment income, that income is exempt from UBIT tax. Investment income exempt from UBIT includes the following:
Real Estate Rental Income: Rent from real estate is investment income and is exempt from UBIT.
Interest Income: Interest and points made from money lending is investment income and is exempt from UBIT.
Capital Gain Income: The sale, exchange, or disposition of assets is investment income and is exempt from UBIT.
Dividend Income: Dividend income from a C-Corp, where the company pays corporate tax, is investment income and exempt from UBIT.
Royalty Income: Royalty income derived from intangible property rights, such as intellectual property, oil, gas, or mineral leasing activities is investment income and is exempt from UBIT.
So, make sure your IRA receives investment income as opposed to “business income”.

9. What Is Unrelated Debt-Financed Income (UDFI)?

If an IRA buys an investment with debt, then the income attributable to the debt is subject to UBIT. This income is referred to as “unrelated debt-financed income” (UDFI), and it triggers an UBIT tax. This often occurs when an IRA buys real estate with a non-recourse loan.

For example, let’s say an IRA buys a rental property for $100,000, and that $40,000 came from the IRA and $60,000 came from a non-recourse loan. The property is now 60% leveraged, and as a result, 60% of the income is not a result of the IRA's investment, but the result of the debt invested. This debt is not retirement plan money, so your friends at the IRS will require you to pay tax on 60% of the income. So, if there were $10,000 in net rental income on the property then $6000 would be subject to UBIT taxes.

10. Should I Use an Individual 401k Instead of A Self-Directed IRA?

This is where things get interesting.

An individual 401k is a great self-directed account option, and can be used instead of an IRA for persons who are self-employed. If you are not self-employed, then the individual 401k may not work for you.
If you are self-employed and you want to maximize your contributions the individual 401k has much higher maximum contribution amounts: $54,000 annually versus $5,500 annually for an IRA. That’s a significant difference.

A self-directed IRA is a better option for someone who has already saved for retirement. Some funds can be rolled over and invested in a self-directed IRA.

If you are going to carry debt and you are self-employed, you are much better off choosing an individual 401k over an IRA. Individual 401ks are exempt from UDFI tax on leveraged real estate.

There are a lot of things to consider when rolling funds into an IRA. If you have additional questions, feel free to reach out to us.

You Can Use Your Self-Directed IRA To Buy A Retirement Home. Here's How.

In my experience, a retirement that you are in charge of makes for a better retirement than one that is financially uncertain.

If you are starting to think about where you’ll be spending your retirement, you’ve probably been growing your IRA for some time. If real estate investing is what has gotten you to where you are now, you might want to think about buying a retirement home from your self-directed IRA, also known as a SDIRA or solo IRA.

You can use a self-directed IRA to purchase your retirement home  before your loving children dump you on the side of the road and run off with their inheritance. Here's how.

What To Know About Buying Your Retirement Home With Your SDIRA

This is one of the great reasons to go with self-directed IRA. Traditional IRAs can hold investments, but you can’t buy a home with them. With a self-directed IRA you can buy an investment property and distribute later for personal use. This is black-belt level stuff. You can rent the property as an investment, so you are still making money off of it until you are ready to retire and move in.

To do this you need to purchase the property through your IRA, which will own it as an investment until you retire. When that time comes, you will distribute the property via title transfer from your self-directed to your traditional IRA.
This makes your retirement home a retirement benefit.

Beware of Prohibited Transactions

You need to avoid prohibited transactions. You cannot use the property. Your family cannot use the property. You do not own the property. It is the IRA’s property. It rents the property; you don't.

The rental income accrues in your account because, I repeat, your IRA owns the property. You can lease the property, of course—that’s how investments work. They make income. You will have to lease it to someone outside the family until it’s been distributed, but after that, your dream home is all yours.

Be Smart About Distributions and Taxes

When you take control of your retirement home, it is an “in kind” distribution and it means taxes are due for traditional IRA’s. If your future retirement home was appraised at $250,000, you will receive a 1099-R for $250,000 from your custodian upon distribution.

Distribution taxes can be high. You might prefer to take partial distributions over time, to spread out the pain, but it’s going to sting no matter what you do and this can be a trap. You need appraisals every year for fair market valuation. These valuations cost money. Whatever you decide, you and your family cannot use the property until it has been 100% distributed.

As with most things retirement related, if you take a distribution before you are 59½, you’re going to pay a penalty. Ten percent is stiff. Be patient.

Do Your Homework Before Buying

This process of home ownership isn’t going to work for everyone. It takes a lot of work, but most things worth doing are a lot of work, including putting yourself in a position to purchase a retirement home in the first place. It is possible, but if you self-direct your IRA investments, make sure you understand relevant investment laws and tax structures.

You need to be like a Boy Scout when it comes to retirement planning. Be prepared.

How To Purchase Real Estate With A Self-Directed IRA (And Save Taxes In the Process)

Wall Street has successfully fooled the majority of American investors into believing they can only invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds or bank CDs. If you've fallen for this, you're not alone. But we're about to teach you how to break free.

The truth is, you can you invest in virtually anything you want with a Self-Directed IRA LLC (excluding collectibles and art). Even better, you don't even need a custodian in the middle to do it.

Real estate is the most popular Self-Directed IRA LLC investment, particularly among our clients. Why? Because there are many advantages, tax benefits, and other little tricks which are only accessible to real estate investors who use a Self-Directed IRA LLC.

Let's go over the biggest perks below.

Advantages of Using a Self-Directed IRA LLC to Purchase Real Estate

Income or gains generated by a Self-Directed IRA  LLC are tax-deferred. Which means you can invest tax free and not have to pay taxes right away, or in the case of a Roth IRA, ever.

Tax Advantages Of Buying Real Estate With A Self-Directed IRA LLC

When you buy real estate with a Self-Directed IRA, instead of paying tax on the returns of a real estate investment, tax is paid only at a later date, allowing your real estate investment to grow quickly.

The key to investing in real estate with a Self-Directed IRA LLC is to do so when you're earning high income (and being taxed at a higher rate.) Then when you start making less money (and get taxed at a lower rate) you should make withdrawals because your withdrawals will be taxed at a lower rate.

After 20 years your $200,000 investment would be worth $349,572 after taxes on your earnings. Whereas, if you had made the investments with taxable, personal funds (non-retirement funds), in 20 years your investment would only be worth $320,714.

Popular Types of IRA-Funded Real Estate Investments

Below is a small list of real estate related investments you can make with a Self-Directed IRA LLC (foreign and domestic):

And that's actually the short list. There are many more opportunities available.

The Differences of Investing With a Self-Directed IRA LLC

Buying real estate with a Self-Directed IRA LLC is essentially the same as buying real estate personally. Except you have way more benefits and advantages when you do it with a Self-Directed IRA LLC.

But there are a few differences as far as the "backend" is concerned:

How To Make Real Estate Investments With a Self-Directed IRA LLC

When using a Self-Directed IRA LLC to make a real estate investment there are a number of ways you can structure the transaction:

Partnering with your family & friends to make a real estate purchase won't trigger a prohibited transaction if your Self-Directed IRA LLC is set up correctly. For this reason, it's important that you get professional help to establish your Self-Directed IRA LLC.

Also, when it comes to borrowing money, you must use a non-recourse loan. That is, unless you want to trigger a prohibited transaction and pay the taxes below.

If you do trigger a prohibited transaction, you will be paying UBTI (Unrelated Business Taxable Income) Tax. You will be taxed at the trust tax rate because your IRA is considered a trust. For 2018, a Self-Directed IRA LLC is taxed at the following rates:

Why Should You Buy Real Estate Using a Self-Directed IRA LLC?

There are so many benefits to using the self-directed IRA LLC for your real estate investments that we have written multiple previous articles on the subject. Check out some of our top reasons to use a Self-Directed IRA LLC in greater detail. But we'll go over the basics here. The top four reasons investors use this method include the following:

Royal Legal Solutions Can Guarantee Your Tax Efficiency & Compliance

Tax-Free Investing: Be happy like this man

As you can see, there are so many advantages and benefits when it comes to investing in real estate with a Self-Directed IRA LLC.

However, in order to enjoy those benefits you have to make sure that everything is structured correctly from a legal standpoint. The legal aspects are what matter for protecting you and your hard-earned money from the IRS.

Royal Legal Solutions can guarantee that your Self-Directed IRA LLC is set up correctly and kept up to date with all future IRS regulations. Your satisfaction is our greatest priority.

Forget Wall Street: 6 Reasons To Form a Self Directed IRA LLC

You're living in the 21st century now, which means you don't have to put all your eggs in one basket when it comes to investing.

With a Self-Directed IRA LLC (Limited Liability Company) you can take back control of your retirement and receive higher returns from your investment dollars.

Here's 6 reasons why you should forget about Wall Street and form a Self Directed IRA LLC:

1. To Purchase Non-Traditional Assets

It's might be hard for you to forget about Wall Street, when for nearly a hundred years people have been told that they could only invest their money there. But with a Self Directed IRA you can move beyond Wall Street and invest in a whole new world of opportunity.

A Self Directed IRA LLC will allow you to use your IRA funds to make self directed investments in “non-traditional” assets of your choice. Most Wall Street IRA custodians only allow you to invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, annuities, CDs and other traditional investments.

The problem is, while traditional investments are numerous, they only make up a fraction of the profitable assets you can purchase and hold for investment.

2. Checkbook Control

With an IRA, you can be the manager of your own IRA LLC, but you can't be compensated for services or use your funds to pay any of the IRA LLC’s expenses. Doing so would make your friends at the IRS angry and cost you big time.

3. Asset Protection

In most states the owner of an LLC isn't liable for the debts or obligations of their LLC.

For example, in Arizona the law is that the members (owners) of an Arizona LLC are not liable for the debts or obligations of the LLC. This is an especially important factor when the IRA LLC has members who are not IRAs.

However, there are rare instances where a member's personal assets can be pursued by creditors, such as if they act as a guarantor for a loan to fund the LLC and fail to pay it back.

4. To Pool Assets with Other Investors

Banks have recently tightened up on their lending regulations, which means it's become harder for real estate investors to secure capital to acquire property. This has become a major obstacle for many real estate investors.

When the cost to acquire an asset exceeds the funds available to you,  combining your money with other investors may be the only way you can purchase an asset. A great way for investors to pool assets is through an IRA LLC.

Your IRA and other investors contribute money to the IRA LLC and then use the LLC funds to purchase the asset. An IRA LLC can have multiple members including more than one IRA, people and entities as long as the prohibited transaction rules are not violated. (I will go over the rules towards the end of the article.)
Not only do you get the benefit of having your money combined under legal and contractual guidelines, but you also get the protection an LLC offers, such as protection from creditors and lawsuits.

5. To Create A Legal & Organized Structure When There Are Multiple Members

It can be hard to decide what to do with an asset when several people own it. An IRA LLC provides a legal governing structure, rules and policies to how the joint owners will operate the company and deal with its assets.

You shouldn't rely on oral statements or agreements. An Operating Agreement signed by all of the members of your LLC will provide the firm foundation from which you all can make decisions together.

For example, an Operating Agreement will prevent members from being "lone wolves" and doing something that the majority of the members disagree with, such as entering into an unprofitable contract.

6. To Make Day-To-Day Property Management Easier

If you purchased a complex asset, you will want a Self Directed IRA LLC to be the owner of that asset. For example, if you want to purchase a thirty unit apartment complex, you should form an IRA LLC to own and operate the apartments. Why?

Because you and your IRA custodian don't have time to be involved in the day to day operations of a thirty unit apartment complex, such as paying utilities, depositing rent checks, or evicting tenants.

And then think of the liability involved. Anyone of those tenants could sue you for a variety of reasons. An LLC will protect you from an "unhappy camper".

What Can't You Purchase With An IRA?

An IRA LLC may not purchase any of the following three types of assets:

What Are The Most Popular Self Directed IRA Investments?

Real estate is the most popular investment people make with self directed IRA funds.
IRA funds can be used to purchase homes, condos, duplexes, penthouses, raw land, office buildings, shopping centers, factories, mobile home parks and all other types of  commercial and residential real estate.

What Are The Consequences if an IRA LLC Engages in a Prohibited Transaction?

Okay so I mentioned the prohibited transactions earlier. If your IRA purchased a prohibited asset (such as life insurance) or engaged in a prohibited transaction, your friends at the IRS would get extremely angry. They could dismantle your IRA, tax you until you bleed and make you pay fees on top of the taxes.

What are the Prohibited Transaction Rules?

All the prohibited transactions rules can be found in IRC Section 4975. The quickest way to sum those up is that a “prohibited transaction” includes any direct or indirect:

Who are Disqualified Persons?

IRC 4975(e)(2) states “the term ‘disqualified person‘ means a person who is:

The Bottom Line

If you're looking for more control over your retirement savings, you have multiple options to consider, including traditional self-directed IRAs and self-directed IRA LLCs with Checkbook Control.

There's also the IRS regulations, which if not followed to the letter could cost you thousands of dollars and waste all the time you spent securing a good investment return.

Depending on your level of investment experience & IRS knowledge, it can be hard for you to figure out all these financial and legal definitions. If you want help taking back control of your retirement, contact Royal legal Solutions today.